Věra Chytilová (Ostrava, 2 de fevereiro de 1929 - Praga, 12 de março de 2014) foi uma cineasta checa.
Na década de 1960, Chytilová chegou a ser proibida de atuar pelo governo da Checoslováquia. Com o passar dos anos, seus filmes fizeram sucesso e foram exibidos em festivais internacionais de cinema. Ela então fez parte da "nouvelle vague" do cinema tchecoslovaco e foi chamada de "a primeira-dama do cinema tcheco".
Chytilová dirigiu, por exemplo, As Pequenas Margaridas (1966), O jogo da maçã (1976), História pré-fabricada (1979) e Calamidade (1981). Por seu trabalho, recebeu o Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, a Medalha de Mérito e o prêmio Czech Lion.
Chytilová morreu em Praga aos 85 anos.
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SKUPA, Lukáš. Perfectly unpredictable: early work of Věra Chytilová in the light of censorship and production reports. Studies in Eastern European Cinema, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 3, p. 233–249, 2018. DOI: 10.1080/2040350X.2018.1469202.